{"id":7878,"date":"2026-06-17T09:15:07","date_gmt":"2026-06-17T09:15:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alberdimakila.com\/?p=7878"},"modified":"2026-06-17T09:15:07","modified_gmt":"2026-06-17T09:15:07","slug":"neflier-le-bois-utilise-pour-fabriquer-makilas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alberdimakila.com\/fr\/neflier-le-bois-utilise-pour-fabriquer-makilas\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u00e9flier. Le Bois Utilis\u00e9 Pour Fabriquer Makilas"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Derri\u00e8re chaque \u00ab makila \u00bb basque se cache un arbre qui met des d\u00e9cennies \u00e0 produire son bois, ainsi qu\u2019un processus artisanal pouvant prendre jusqu\u2019\u00e0 dix ans. Le bois de n\u00e9flier est au c\u0153ur de cette tradition : d\u2019une duret\u00e9 exceptionnelle, il est pourtant capable de fl\u00e9chir sans se briser et pr\u00e9sente un relief naturel unique qu\u2019aucun autre bois au monde ne reproduit. Dans cet article, nous vous expliquons:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 1.5rem 0;\">\n<li style=\"position: relative; padding-left: 28px; margin-bottom: 12px; line-height: 1.5;\"><span style=\"position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; width: 20px; height: 20px; border: 1px solid #0F6E56; border-radius: 4px; color: #0f6e56; font-size: 13px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;\">\u2713<\/span>D&rsquo;o\u00f9 vient le n\u00e9flier<\/li>\n<li style=\"position: relative; padding-left: 28px; margin-bottom: 12px; line-height: 1.5;\"><span style=\"position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; width: 20px; height: 20px; border: 1px solid #0F6E56; border-radius: 4px; color: #0f6e56; font-size: 13px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;\">\u2713<\/span>Comment on le marque sur l&rsquo;arbre<\/li>\n<li style=\"position: relative; padding-left: 28px; margin-bottom: 12px; line-height: 1.5;\"><span style=\"position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; width: 20px; height: 20px; border: 1px solid #0F6E56; border-radius: 4px; color: #0f6e56; font-size: 13px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;\">\u2713<\/span>Comment on le r\u00e9colte<\/li>\n<li style=\"position: relative; padding-left: 28px; margin-bottom: 12px; line-height: 1.5;\"><span style=\"position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; width: 20px; height: 20px; border: 1px solid #0F6E56; border-radius: 4px; color: #0f6e56; font-size: 13px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;\">\u2713<\/span>Pourquoi son processus de s\u00e9chage et de redressement peut durer pr\u00e8s d&rsquo;une d\u00e9cennie avant qu&rsquo;il ne devienne une v\u00e9ritable canne basque traditionnelle<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Le N\u00e9flier<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload alignnone size-full wp-image-3159\" title=\"Medlar-Tree-Fruit\" src=\"https:\/\/alberdimakila.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Medlar-Tree-Fruit.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/alberdimakila.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Medlar-Tree-Fruit.jpg\" alt=\"fruta del n\u00edspero\" width=\"690\" height=\"599\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27690%27%20height%3D%27599%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20690%20599%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27690%27%20height%3D%27599%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/alberdimakila.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Medlar-Tree-Fruit-200x174.jpg 200w, https:\/\/alberdimakila.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Medlar-Tree-Fruit-300x260.jpg 300w, https:\/\/alberdimakila.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Medlar-Tree-Fruit-400x347.jpg 400w, https:\/\/alberdimakila.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Medlar-Tree-Fruit-500x434.jpg 500w, https:\/\/alberdimakila.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Medlar-Tree-Fruit-600x521.jpg 600w, https:\/\/alberdimakila.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Medlar-Tree-Fruit.jpg 690w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 690px) 100vw, 690px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Le Mespilus germanica<\/em><\/strong>, commun\u00e9ment appel\u00e9 n\u00e9flier ou n\u00e9flier commun, est un arbre frutier cultiv\u00e9 depuis des si\u00e8cles dont les fruits s\u2019appelent: les <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/N%C3%A8fle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">n\u00e8fles<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>En d\u00e9pit de son nom latin qui fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la Germanie, il est originaire d\u2019Asie Mineure et du sud est de l\u2019Europe. Il fut apporter en Alemagne par les romains.<\/p>\n<p>Le n\u00e9flier se cultivait il y a environ trois milles ans dans la regi\u00f3n de la mer Caspienne. Vers 700 ans avt JC on retrouve des cultures en Gr\u00e8ce puis autour de 200 ans avt JC \u00e0 Rome.<\/p>\n<p>Durant l\u2019empire romain et le moyen \u00e2ge, les cultures de cet arbre furtier prennent une grande ampleur. En effet, on r\u00e9colte les fruits, essentiellement pour leurs propri\u00e9t\u00e9s m\u00e9dicinales et soulager les troubles intestinaux.<\/p>\n<p>Le bois de n\u00e9flier <strong>pousse tr\u00e8s lentement<\/strong> et au bout du compte, on obtient un<strong> bois dur\u00a0 mais flexible \u00e0 la fois<\/strong> ce qui le rend tr\u00e8s sp\u00e9cial car en pr\u00edncipe un bois dense n\u2019est pas flexible et se casse. Par consequent, c\u2019est un bois tr\u00e8s appropri\u00e9 pour en faire un b\u00e2ton, une canne.<\/p>\n<h2>Comment marquer le bois de n\u00e9flier pour les cannes Makilas<\/h2>\n<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-video fusion-youtube\" style=\"--awb-max-width:600px;--awb-max-height:360px;\"><div class=\"video-shortcode\"><lite-youtube videoid=\"9BS3eDm1pok\" class=\"landscape\" params=\"wmode=transparent&autoplay=1&amp;enablejsapi=1\" title=\"YouTube video player 1\" data-button-label=\"Play Video\" width=\"600\" height=\"360\" data-thumbnail-size=\"auto\" data-no-cookie=\"on\"><\/lite-youtube><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<p>Dans cette vid\u00e9o, vous pouvez voir l&rsquo;artisan qui fait des <strong>scarifications<\/strong> ou <strong>tatouges<\/strong> sur les branches ad\u00e9quates de l\u2019arbre au printemps. Avec le temps, l\u2019arbre r\u00e9agit en formant des reliefs comme cons\u00e9quence de la cicatrisation des coupures faites sur la branche.<\/p>\n<p>Nous pourrions dire que, le marquage fait sur le n\u00e9flier est la principale caract\u00e9ristique du <b>b\u00e2ton traditionnel basque<\/b> ou <b>makila<\/b>. On ne trouve cette caract\u00e9ristique sur aucun autre b\u00e2ton d\u2019autres cultures. Ce travail s\u2019effectue tous les ans avec des r\u00e9sultats diff\u00e9rents qui sont d\u00fbs \u00e0 notre d\u00e9pendance de \u201cdame nature\u201d, avec des ann\u00e9es s\u00e8ches ou pluvieuses.<\/p>\n<h2>La r\u00e9colte du n\u00e9flier: le d\u00e9but du b\u00e2ton basque traditionnel<\/h2>\n<p>Quelques mois apr\u00e8s avoir marqu\u00e9 les arbres, l\u2019hiver arrive. C\u2019est alors que commence l\u2019un des moments les plus importants dans la fabrication de la <b>makila basque : la r\u00e9colte des branches de n\u00e9flier.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Dans notre atelier, nous suivons une tradition transmise de g\u00e9n\u00e9ration en g\u00e9n\u00e9ration. Nous observons la nature et les mouvements de la lune afin de choisir le moment id\u00e9al pour couper les branches. Ce savoir fait partie de<b> l\u2019artisanat basque<\/b> et nous permet de r\u00e9colter le bois au moment o\u00f9 il conservera le mieux sa r\u00e9sistance et sa stabilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Chaque branche est coup\u00e9e avec soin, une par une, en s\u00e9lectionnant uniquement celles qui poss\u00e8dent la qualit\u00e9 n\u00e9cessaire pour devenir une future<b> makila artisanale.<\/b><\/p>\n<h3>De l\u2019arbre \u00e0 l\u2019atelier de makilas<\/h3>\n<p>Une fois les branches r\u00e9colt\u00e9es, elles sont transport\u00e9es dans notre atelier. C\u2019est l\u00e0 que commence un travail enti\u00e8rement manuel qui donnera naissance au <b>b\u00e2ton basque traditionnel.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Les branches sont plac\u00e9es dans un four \u00e0 haute temp\u00e9rature. La chaleur permet d\u2019enlever l\u2019\u00e9corce plus facilement et de pr\u00e9parer le bois pour les \u00e9tapes suivantes. Chaque pi\u00e8ce est ensuite soigneusement \u00e9corc\u00e9e \u00e0 la main, en respectant toujours la forme naturelle du<b> n\u00e9flier <\/b>et son relief caract\u00e9ristique.<\/p>\n<p>Ce relief naturel est l\u2019une des caract\u00e9ristiques qui distingue la makila basque de tout autre b\u00e2ton artisanal dans le monde.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload alignnone size-full wp-image-7594\" title=\"IMG_0309\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271620%27%20height%3D%271080%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201620%201080%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271620%27%20height%3D%271080%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/alberdimakila.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/IMG_0309-e1770982351509.jpg\" alt=\"recogida de la madera de n\u00edspero\" width=\"1620\" height=\"1080\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Le redressage du n\u00e9flier: un processus de 6 \u00e0 10 ans<\/h2>\n<p>Apr\u00e8s l\u2019\u00e9cor\u00e7age commence l\u2019une des \u00e9tapes les plus longues et les plus d\u00e9licates : <b>le redressage du bois.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Les branches de<b> n\u00e9flier<\/b> sont plac\u00e9es entre des plaques m\u00e9talliques et soumises \u00e0 des chocs de chaleur contr\u00f4l\u00e9s afin de corriger progressivement leur forme naturelle. Cependant, le bois a besoin de temps pour s\u2019adapter.<\/p>\n<p>Apr\u00e8s chaque phase de chaleur et de pression, le bois est laiss\u00e9 au repos pendant de longues p\u00e9riodes. Environ tous les deux ans, le m\u00eame processus est r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Ce cycle peut durer entre<b> 6 et 10 ans<\/b>, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 ce que le bois atteigne la rectitude et la r\u00e9sistance n\u00e9cessaires pour devenir une v\u00e9ritable <b>makila artisanale.<\/b><\/p>\n<h3>Patience, nature et tradition<\/h3>\n<p>Ce long processus distingue les v\u00e9ritables <b>fabricants de makila<\/b> d\u2019une production industrielle. Chaque pi\u00e8ce d\u00e9pend du climat, de l\u2019arbre et du temps dont la nature a besoin.<\/p>\n<p>Les hivers froids, les ann\u00e9es s\u00e8ches ou pluvieuses influencent le r\u00e9sultat final, rendant chaque<b> makila basque unique.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Lorsque le bois est enfin pr\u00eat, commence alors l\u2019\u00e9tape suivante : donner forme au b\u00e2ton, assembler les pi\u00e8ces m\u00e9talliques et transformer ce n\u00e9flier travaill\u00e9 pendant des ann\u00e9es en un symbole de la<b> tradition basque.<\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Derri\u00e8re chaque \u00ab makila \u00bb basque se cache un arbre<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3150,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7878","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-non-classifiee"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>N\u00e9flier. 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